Descripcion

El tipo variable para los números en coma flotante (número decimal). Estos números son usados, habitualmente, para aproximar valores analógicos y contínuos, debido a que ofrecen una mayor resolución que los enteros. Las variables tipo float tienen el valor máximo 3.4028235E+38, y como mínimo pueden alacanzar el -3.4028235E+38. Ocupan 4bytes (32bits).

Los floats tienen una precisión de 6 o 7 dígitos decimales. Esto significa el número total de dígitos, no el número a la derecha de la coma decimal. Al contrario que en otras plataformas, donde tu podrías obtener mayor precisión usando una variable tipo double (por ejemplo, por encima de 15 dígitos), en Arduino los double tienen el mismo tamaño que los float.

Los números en coma flotante no son exactos, y muchos proporcionan falsos resultados cuando son comparados. Por ejemplo, 6.0 / 3.0 puede no ser igual a 2.0. Debes comprobar que el valor absoluto de la diferencia entre los números pertenezca a un rango pequeño.

La matemática en coma flotante es mucho más lenta que la matemática de enteros para realizar operaciones, por lo que deberías evitarla si, por ejemplo, un bucle tiene que ejecutarse a la máxima velocidad para funciones con temporizaciones precisas. Los programadores normalmente suelen asignar unas longitudes para convertir las operaciones de coma flotante en cálculos con enteros, para aumentar la velocidad.

Ejemplos

Sintaxis

• var - el nombre de la variable tipo float
• val - el valor que le asignas a esa variable

Código de ejemplo

   y = x / 2;            // y ahora contiene 0, la parte entera de la operación
   z = (float)x / 2.0;   // z ahora contiene 0.5 (se debe usar 2.0, en lugar de 2)

@]

Ver también

• Declaración de variables

Floats have only 6-7 decimal digits of precision. That means the total number of digits, not the number to the right of the decimal point. Unlike other platforms, where you can get more precision by using a double (e.g. up to 15 digits), on the Arduino, double is the same size as float.

Floats have only 6-7 decimal digits of precision. That means the total number of digits, not the number to the right of the decimal point. On most platforms you can get more precision by using a double. But even those have limited precision, typically 15 digits. But, on the arduino, doubles are the same size as floats.

• Variable Declaration

See Also

• int
• double

Floating point numbers are not exact, and may yield strange results when compared. For example 6.0 / 3.0 may not equal 2.0. You should instead check that the absolute value of the difference between the numbers is less than some small number.

Floating point math is also much slower than integer math in performing calculations, so should be avoided if, for example, a loop has to run at top speed for a critical timing function. Programmers often go to some lengths to convert floating point calculations to integer math to increase speed.

   y = x / 2;            // y now contains 0, ints can't hold fractions

Syntax

   int x;
   int y;
   float z;

   x = 1;
   y = x / 2;   // y now contains 0, integers can't hold fractions
   z = (float)x / 2.0;   // z now contains .5 (you have to use 2.0, not 2)@]

z = (float)x / 2.0; // z now contains .5 (you have to use 2.0, not 2)@]

z = x / 2.0; // z now contains .5 (you have to use 2.0, not 2)@]

That being said, floating point math is useful for a wide range of physical computing tasks, and is one of the things missing from many beginning microcontroller systems.

• val - the value you assign to that variable

Example Code

int x;
int y;
float z;

x = 1;
y = x / 2;   // y now contains 0, integers can't hold fractions
z = x / 2;   // z now contains .5

Programming Tip

Serial.println() truncates floats (throws away the fractions) into integers when sending serial. Multiply by power of ten to preserve resolution.

    float myfloat;
    float sensorCalbrate = 1.117;

Floating point math is much slower than integer math in performing calculations, so should be avoided if, for example, a loop has to run at top speed for a critical timing function. Programmers often go to some lengths to convert floating point calculations to integer math to increase speed.

That being said, floating point math is one of the things missing from many beginning microcontroller systems.

    float var = val;

• var - your float variable name

float

Description

Datatype for floating-point numbers, a number that has a decimal point. Floating-point numbers are often used to approximate analog and continuous values because they have greater resolution than integers. Floating-point numbers can be as large as 3.4028235E+38 and as low as -3.4028235E+38. They are stored as 32 bits (4 bytes) of information.

Floats are much slower than integers to perform calculations with, so should be avoided if, for example, a loop has to run at top speed for a critical timing function.

Examples

 float myfloat;

float sensorCalbrate = 1.117;

Parameters

    int var = val;

• var - your int variable name
• val - the value you assign to that variable

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